As always, Delhi-NCR has once again turned into a gas chamber, even before the onset of winter. Breathing has become difficult as pollution levels have reached dangerous categories. Former AIIMS Director Dr. Randeep Guleria described air pollution as a 'silent killer' that is becoming a massive problem.
Pollution's Impact on the Body
Dr. Guleria stated, 'The problem is no longer restricted to respiratory diseases. Air pollution, particularly PM2.5 and smaller ultra-fine particles less than 0.1 microns, do not just reach the lungs, but also mix into the bloodstream, affecting other parts of the body. They cause inflammation and narrowing of blood vessels, increasing the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and even dementia.'
Air Pollution: A Threat
According to Dr. Guleria, 'Long-term exposure to polluted air does not just lead to coughs or breathing problems, but also increases the risk of heart problems, heart failure, strokes, and cancer. Many national and international organizations recognize air pollution as a major cause of heart attacks, strokes, and cancer.'
'In 2024, around 8.1 million people were estimated to have died worldwide due to air pollution, surpassing the death toll from COVID-19. Breathing in India's air is akin to smoking 8-10 cigarettes a day. It's silent but causes a pandemic of deaths.'
Degrading Lungs, Heart, and Brain
Data from the last 10 years suggests that the air is unsafe for about 70% of the year, and we continuously breathe in toxic air leading to chronic inflammation that impacts the lungs, heart, brain, and blood vessels. When children play outside in the morning or evening, they breathe in this polluted air rapidly, affecting their lungs.
Prevention Methods
Dr. Guleria mentioned that wearing an N95 mask properly can provide significant protection. These masks act as filters, preventing toxic air particles from entering the lungs, provided they fit snugly over the nose and mouth.
It's advised not to rely heavily on air purifiers as most Indian homes aren't sealed effectively, allowing air to come and go.
Parents should allow children to play outside mid-morning or afternoon and avoid outdoor activities during smoggy periods.
Control over air pollution requires eco-friendly vehicles, public transportation, and public cooperation. Additionally, encouraging walking or cycling, and controlling dust from construction sites and emissions from factories are crucial. During winter, opt for electric heaters instead of burning wood or trash.
No Benefit in Cloud Seeding
Dr. Guleria remarked, 'Techniques like cloud seeding depend on air movement and moisture, offering only temporary relief. India needs long-term and sustainable solutions. Cities like London, Los Angeles, and Beijing have controlled polluted air through stringent regulations. With political will and public determination, India can achieve the same.'
