The myths mention a demon named Apsmara. Though a dwarf, it's quite powerful. In Hindu symbolism, this dwarf is often seen clutching a snake, representing ego in Shaiva traditions. This demon is positioned at Shiva's feet. The Shiva Purana and Skanda Purana narrate how Shiva, employing one of the most ancient dances, subdued this demon of ego. So, how does this dance relate to medical science, and what significance does it hold?
Nataraja: Embodiment of Cosmic Power
The Nataraja form is not merely a wondrous piece of dance and ancient sculpture; it is a visible manifestation of the universe's cosmic energy. Rich in spiritual and philosophical insight, it became the progenitor of all arts and philosophy. In this depiction of Lord Shiva, each element holds deep meaning, especially the dwarf demon Apsmara beneath Shiva’s foot, symbolizing ignorance and arrogance.
Philosopher Aldous Huxley on Nataraja
Indian philosophy owes much to this form, but even more enamored are foreign civilizations. English writer and philosopher Aldous Huxley elucidated the symbolism of Nataraja and Apsmara in his novel 'Island.’ He noted that Shiva’s right foot stands on the small yet powerful demon Apsmara, signifying ignorance and selfishness. In crushing Apsmara, Shiva illustrates the triumph of knowledge and truth.
Huxley points out that the significance lies not in the foot on Apsmara, but the one Shiva lifts while dancing, symbolizing salvation and liberation. It conveys that spiritual growth and freedom are achieved only after crushing ignorance.
Source: aajtak
Ayurveda's Perspective on Apsmara
Ayurveda describes Apsmara as a term for severe mental and neurological disorders, akin to epilepsy or seizures in medical science, where the mind halts thinking. Maharishi Charaka categorizes Apsmara into four types:
Vataja Apsmara – Arises due to Vata imbalance. Pittaja Apsmara – Results from excessive Pitta. Kaphaja Apsmara – Mental confusion due to increased Kapha. Sannipataja Apsmara – Occurs when Vata, Pitta, and Kapha are all imbalanced, leading to severe conditions associated with epilepsy, memory problems, and mental disorders. Charaka classified these according to bodily doshas for appropriate treatment methods.
Dance: Beyond Joy, A Source of Healing
The dance posture of Nataraja and his sculpture are not merely religious symbols but are intertwined with profound philosophical and scientific truths. While Aldous Huxley linked it to enlightenment and liberation, Ayurveda views it in the context of neurological and mental disorders. This understanding highlights that the Nataraja depiction is not only a spiritual emblem but also signifies deep truths of life. Far from just joyous dancing, it is a grand ancestral treasure passed down through tradition.
