The recent historic defense agreement between Saudi Arabia and Pakistan has introduced a new chapter in regional geopolitics. Prominent geopolitical analyst and Eurasia Group Chairman, Ian Bremmer, expressed in an interview with Aaj Tak that this deal will not only fortify Islamabad but also significantly alter New Delhi's defense strategy.
Ian Bremmer emphasized, 'This agreement marks a substantial geopolitical shift for India, undoubtedly.' Referring to the ongoing border tensions, he noted the severe security issues between India and Pakistan. If, as India, you're facing a border dispute with Pakistan, the probability of another military conflict is high. If it occurs with Saudi Arabia committed to Pakistan's defense, India will need to integrate this into its strategy. This represents a pivotal change for India.
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Main Highlights of the Agreement
Signed on 17th September during Pakistan Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif's visit to Riyadh, the Strategic Mutual Defense Agreement (SMDA) between the two nations means an attack on one will be regarded as an attack on the other. Reports also suggest this deal encompasses Pakistan's nuclear capabilities, which can be considered part of Saudi Arabia's defense in emergencies. The agreement was inked at Al Yamamah Palace by Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and Shahbaz Sharif.
Ian Bremmer stated this agreement bolsters long-standing ties between Riyadh and Islamabad. He mentioned, 'Pakistan's primary ally remains China, receiving substantial military aid and intelligence from them.' Nevertheless, Bremmer highlighted Pakistan's new alliances too, noting, 'Enhanced relations through investments with Trump, such as in crypto, bolster Pakistan's position.'
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A Legacy of Nuclear Cooperation
Bremmer discussed Saudi Arabia's support for Pakistan's nuclear program. 'Indeed, for years, Saudi Arabia has funded Pakistan's plutonium program. Public knowledge acknowledged that during crises, Saudi Arabia considered Pakistan's nuclear program its emergency alternative. This understanding predates Trump's administration. This deal formalizes the previous understanding. Publicly announcing this collective security agreement marks a substantial step forward.'
Shifts in Saudi Arabia's Strategy
According to Ian Bremmer, this move reflects changes in Riyadh's security policy. There's an effort to diversify alliances rather than rely solely on the U.S. This deal fortifies Islamabad geopolitically, arriving shortly after an Israeli attack in Qatar, resulting in the death of a Qatari security officer. Ian Bremmer noted Saudi Arabia's dissatisfaction with the U.S.'s lackluster response to the incident, as it did little to contain Israel and offered no substantial rebuke afterwards, which was unacceptable to Saudi Arabia.
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India's Reaction
India asserts it is monitoring this agreement (between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia) closely. The Ministry of External Affairs reiterated that India's partnership with Saudi Arabia remains robust, and India will take every necessary step for its security. The ministry stated, 'Strategic partnership between India and Saudi Arabia has strengthened considerably in recent years. This partnership will advance considering mutual interests and sensitivities.' In the context of the defense agreement between Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, India clarified its stance, highlighting mutual interests with its partners.
