India has made significant modifications to its seismic zonation map after decades. The entire Himalayan region is now placed in the highest-risk Zone VI. Previously, it was divided into Zones IV and V. Consequently, 61% of the country now falls under medium to very high risk.
The Himalayas lie between two rapidly colliding tectonic plates—the Indian plate is pushing northwards by about 5 centimeters annually. This movement generates significant underground pressure. When this pressure is suddenly released, it can trigger a massive earthquake.
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Source: aajtak
Main Frontal Thrust
Main Boundary Thrust
Main Central Thrust
These thrusts can rupture anytime. Notably, a significant earthquake hasn't struck the central Himalayas in the last 200 years, indicating substantial pressure accumulation.
The entire Himalayan region is now classified as Zone VI. Cities like Dehradun are at increased risk, especially near the Mohand Fault. Former fringe-zone cities are now categorized under high-risk zones. Restrictions are placed on building new settlements on soft soil or active faults. Retrofitting old structures is essential.
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Source: aajtak
Uttarakhand, Himachal, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Arunachal, and all northeastern hill regions are at the highest risk. Delhi NCR, Gujarat (Kutch), and the Bihar-Nepal border are also high-risk. Only parts of South India remain relatively safe.
New buildings must be earthquake-resistant (more steel, stronger foundations).
Rapid retrofitting of old government buildings, schools, and hospitals is necessary.
Avoid new colonies on soft ground or by rivers.
Maintain an emergency kit in every home, practice earthquake drills.
Scientists warn: this map alerts us that a big earthquake could strike at any time. By preparing now, millions of lives and billions of rupees can be saved. It's time to make every city and village earthquake-safe.
